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Thomas Dambo has built over 150 trolls using garbage to remind us what’s worth protecting < Back Climate, News This artist’s recycled trash sculptures help people reconnect with nature Thomas Dambo has built over 150 trolls using garbage to remind us what’s worth protecting MMS Staff 22 Apr 2025 3-min read In a world overwhelmed by waste and increasingly detached from the natural world, a tribe of towering wooden trolls is quietly reshaping how people think about trash and the planet. Their creator is a Danish artist with a deep love for stories, recycling, and the magic of the forest. Thomas Dambo, a self-described “garbage artist,” has built over 150 troll sculptures across the globe, from Puerto Rico’s coastlines to South Korea’s forests. His work blends sustainability, folklore, and public art into a striking new genre of environmental storytelling. As climate anxiety rises and natural spaces disappear, Dambo’s whimsical creatures are doing something few public campaigns have managed: pulling humans away from their screens and back into the wild. Building giants from what the world throws away Each troll is made almost entirely from reclaimed materials that include shipping pallets, fallen branches, construction debris, and lumber yard scraps. These aren’t modest pieces; Dambo’s trolls are colossal: many stretch over 30 feet tall, with arms the length of trucks and feet the size of bathtubs. And yet, despite their scale, they carry a quiet intimacy. They blend into the trees. They crouch behind bushes. They invite people to look up, to explore, to wonder. “It’s an advertising campaign for trash,” Dambo once said. “If people thought recycling was cool, we’d be less wasteful.” His most recent installation in Detroit Lakes, Minnesota features five trolls built in collaboration with the local nonprofit Project 412. The group commissioned the project to not only boost tourism but also spark a deeper sense of environmental connection within the community. Already, the “troll effect” — a term coined to describe the dramatic uptick in footfall wherever Dambo’s trolls appear — is in motion. In Coastal Maine, where five of Dambo’s trolls arrived at the botanical gardens in 2021, annual visitors jumped from 100,000 to over 340,000. The increase in visitors directly enabled the gardens to invest more heavily in local conservation efforts, particularly in protecting native trees. “We were hardly doing any of that before the trolls arrived,” said Gretchen Ostherr, CEO of the Coastal Maine Botanical Gardens. A global movement rooted in local magic Each troll is part sculpture, part story. Dambo writes fairy tales for each of his creations, giving them names like Ronny Funny Face or Barefoot Frida, and often weaving them into local histories, landscapes, and myths. In Puerto Rico, one of his earliest trolls — Hector the Protector — stood guard by the sea until Hurricane Maria tore him down. In 2019, Dambo returned to rebuild Hector, this time with a lantern in his hand to guide boats in a storm. But not all trolls have lived happily ever after. In Breckenridge, Colorado, a troll named Isak Heartstone had to be removed after overwhelming crowds and parking troubles strained the local infrastructure. Isak was later rebuilt on a more accessible trail, a reminder that even the most well-meaning public art must navigate the complicated relationship between access, preservation, and scale. And that, in many ways, is what Dambo’s trolls are about: complexity. They are gentle giants, yes, but they’re also quiet provocateurs, challenging our consumption patterns, our ideas about art, and our role in nature. Why this matters on Earth Day — and every day The global climate crisis isn’t just about emissions or melting ice caps. It’s also about disconnection. People cannot protect what they don’t love, and they can’t love what they no longer see or understand. In a time of digital overload and environmental detachment, Dambo’s trolls function like mythological messengers, bringing play, purpose, and pause back into the landscape. They offer a simple but urgent message: trash isn’t worthless. Nature isn’t optional. And wonder may be one of the most powerful tools we have in the fight for the planet. As the world marks another Earth Day, Dambo’s work is a poignant reminder that sustainability isn’t always about sacrifice. Sometimes, it’s about imagination. And sometimes, the path back to nature begins not with facts or fear, but with a troll. Much much relate? Share it now! WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link < Back SHORTS

India's Gen Z voters rank climate change as a top priority, yet political parties fall short on delivering substantial solutions. < Back Climate, Neurodiversity Election 2024: Why climate change tops the agenda for India's youth India's Gen Z voters rank climate change as a top priority, yet political parties fall short on delivering substantial solutions. Aditi Gangrade 18 May 2024 5-min read As an Indian Gen-Z neurodivergent woman and filmmaker dedicated to social impact stories, I find it imperative to address the urgent concerns of my generation regarding climate change. For 18 million young Indians voting for the first time, climate change is not just a buzzword but a pressing societal issue. According to a Deloitte survey, climate change ranks as the third most important concern for these young voters. This prioritization reflects a profound awareness of the environmental crises that our nation faces. India, with over 80% of its population residing in districts vulnerable to climate-induced disasters, is at a critical juncture. The World Bank warns of rising temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, declining groundwater levels, retreating glaciers, and severe cyclones. These changes threaten livelihoods, food security, and our economy. The adverse effects are already evident, with more than 9 million people suffering due to climate change, as reported by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). Rising temperatures disproportionately affect marginalized communities, including low-income families, disabled and neurodivergent individuals, and rural populations. These groups often lack the resources to adapt to extreme weather conditions, resulting in heightened vulnerability. For instance, neurodivergent people may experience increased sensory sensitivities and mental health challenges due to extreme heat, exacerbating existing difficulties. Despite the glaring reality, climate change has scarcely made a mark in election campaigns over the years. Reviewing the 2024 election manifestos, we see a lack of substantial commitment. The Congress manifesto mentions “climate” ten times and includes a dedicated section on “Environment, Climate Change, and Disaster Management.” In contrast, the BJP’s ‘Modi Ki Guarantee 2024’ references it just four times. Both parties propose measures such as Namami Gange, Clean Air Programme, Green Credit, and E-waste management from the BJP, and redefining forest cover and stopping toxic discharges into rivers from Congress. However, these steps are insufficient given the scale of the crisis. Climate activists echo this sentiment. Debasree Das, a Mumbai-based climate activist, highlights the unsustainable practices of the fashion industry, noting that 87% of clothing, equivalent to 40 million tons annually, ends up in landfills. She calls for a revolutionary approach to make the fashion industry more sustainable and reduce waste, as per TOI. Poornima Sai, a 22-year-old climate activist, underscores the need for better urban planning to prevent environmental degradation. Recent landslides in Joshimath and Uttarkashi are stark reminders of the consequences of neglect. Moreover, noise pollution and population control are critical concerns for Gen Z voters, yet they find little mention in party manifestos. The silence on these issues is deafening, especially when they directly impact our quality of life. Our generation is demanding more than token gestures; we seek comprehensive policies and concrete actions. Here are some suggestions from Gen Z voters on climate action: Implement Strict Regulations on Industrial Pollution: Enforce stringent laws to curb emissions from factories and promote cleaner production methods. Promote Sustainable Agriculture: Encourage farming practices that conserve water, reduce pesticide use, and enhance soil health. Invest in Renewable Energy: Increase funding for solar, wind, and other renewable energy projects to reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Enhance Public Transportation: Develop efficient and eco-friendly public transport systems to reduce the carbon footprint from vehicles. Raise Environmental Awareness: Implement educational programs to inform citizens about the importance of sustainability and how they can contribute. Strengthen Disaster Management Systems: Improve early warning systems and disaster response mechanisms to protect vulnerable communities from the impacts of climate-induced disasters. Ensuring timely evacuation and providing adequate relief can save lives and reduce suffering. Support Reforestation Projects: Launch large-scale tree planting drives and protect existing forests to enhance carbon sequestration and biodiversity. Engaging local communities in these projects can ensure their success and sustainability. Improve Waste Management: Develop robust recycling programs and promote the use of biodegradable materials to reduce landfill waste. Implementing strict regulations on plastic use and enhancing municipal waste collection can help manage urban waste more effectively. Encourage Green Building Practices: Promote the construction of energy-efficient buildings through incentives and regulations. Incorporating green roofs, rainwater harvesting systems, and energy-saving technologies can make urban infrastructure more sustainable. Foster International Collaboration: Collaborate with other nations to share knowledge, technology, and resources for tackling climate change. Participating in global climate initiatives and honoring international agreements can enhance India's climate resilience. As a neurodivergent individual, I often experience heightened sensitivity to environmental changes. The rising temperatures and increasing frequency of natural disasters affect not just physical health but mental well-being too. Climate change exacerbates stress, anxiety, and other mental health challenges, making it even more urgent for leaders to act decisively. At Much Much Spectrum, our mission is to make social impact stories accessible and engaging. We believe in amplifying the voices of those affected by climate change and advocating for meaningful change. It’s time for political parties to align with the priorities of Gen Z voters and demonstrate a real commitment to combating climate change. Our future depends on it. What are the climate change policy reforms you want parties to address? Tell us in the comments Much much relate? Share it now! WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link < Back SHORTS

The actor shares how ADHD and autistic traits helped explain years of masking < Back Media, Neurodiversity, News How fame led Aimee Lou Wood to a life-changing diagnosis The actor shares how ADHD and autistic traits helped explain years of masking MMS Staff 9 Apr 2025 4-min read For many, fame is the destination. For Aimee Lou Wood, it was the turning point. Catapulted into the spotlight with her breakout role in Netflix’s Sex Education, and more recently earning praise for her nuanced performance in Season 3 of The White Lotus, Wood's ascent in the entertainment world has been steady, visible, and — as she now reveals — quietly overwhelming. In a recent interview with The Sunday Times’ Culture Magazine, the British actor shared a deeply personal revelation: she was diagnosed with ADHD and autistic traits several years ago, following her sudden rise to stardom. It’s a moment of vulnerability and clarity that offers a rare window into the hidden cost of fame — and the long journey to understanding one’s own neurodivergent mind. “I got diagnosed a few years ago with ADHD with autistic traits,” Wood said. “But then it's been advised that I should go for an autism assessment. They think that maybe it's autism that's leading the charge, and the ADHD is almost a by-product of the masking.” It’s a telling insight. Masking — the practice of consciously or unconsciously suppressing neurodivergent traits to appear more “typical” — is especially common among women and femmes on the spectrum. For many, it becomes a survival strategy that delays diagnosis and amplifies mental health challenges. For Wood, fame didn’t just accelerate her career — it shattered the mask she had so carefully constructed. I stay at home because I’m scared I can’t handle the overwhelm. While millions adored her onscreen openness as Aimee Gibbs in Sex Education, and rooted for her tender, grounded portrayal of Chelsea in The White Lotus, Wood herself was navigating something far more turbulent behind the scenes. She describes a tendency to avoid overstimulating social events — the afterparties, premieres, or even casual gatherings — not out of aloofness, but because they left her emotionally overloaded. I have resistance to the buzz. I'll stay at home and I won't go to the party because I'm scared that I can't handle my feelings of being overwhelmed. Now that I've started to let it in a bit more, it's like a bender: just do the thing, accept the tiredness, have fun and then process it later. This kind of emotional regulation — or the struggle with it — is a hallmark of both ADHD and autism, especially in people who have gone undiagnosed through childhood. For late-diagnosed women, it often gets mistaken for social anxiety or burnout, until a more holistic understanding of neurodivergence enters the picture. Fame, femininity, and the fight to feel safe in your body Wood also reflected on how sudden visibility reshaped her relationship with her body and identity. After a bold, now-iconic first scene in Sex Education — one that involved nudity and intimacy — the actress began to retreat from her own femininity. I look back and there was so much in the way that I started to desexualize myself. Sometimes you just want to put on a sexy dress and be a siren, but I denied myself that. It’s an experience many neurodivergent people — particularly women — will recognize: the instinct to shrink, blend in, avoid unwanted attention, or regulate how others perceive them. For someone in the public eye, those impulses are only magnified. Chelsea: A character who let her be fully herself Oddly enough, it was in The White Lotus, a show brimming with sharp satire and larger-than-life personalities, that Wood found her safest creative space. Her character Chelsea, the down-to-earth partner of Walton Goggins’ Rick, emerged as a fan favorite not because she commanded attention, but because she didn’t try to. In a resort full of posturing, Chelsea was refreshingly real — awkward, nerdy, unpolished — and that, Wood says, allowed her to drop the act. She's not cool, she's not poised, she's not posing like the others. She's just experiencing. So I can just unmask in a weird way. I actually felt more myself as Chelsea because she was the goofy, nerdy side of me that sometimes I try to suppress. Director Mike White, she says, embraced her rawness. “Don’t be afraid to be unlike everyone else,” he told her. “Unleash the freak.” When diagnosis brings relief, not restriction While Wood’s diagnosis is still evolving — with a full autism assessment pending — she’s already come to understand herself more clearly. The language, the framing, the self-compassion that a diagnosis can bring has given her a way to explain experiences that were previously shrouded in shame or confusion. It’s also a powerful reminder of how many late-diagnosed neurodivergent people — especially those assigned female at birth — go unnoticed until stress, visibility, or sudden life changes bring things to the surface. Wood’s honesty joins a growing wave of public figures, from actors to authors, who are reshaping how we see ADHD and autism — not as fixed checklists of symptoms, but as diverse, nuanced ways of experiencing the world. In an industry where appearances are curated and difference is often hidden, her story is a quiet rebellion. It’s a reminder that behind the glitz, many stars are still figuring themselves out — and that can be the most powerful performance of all. Much much relate? Share it now! WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link < Back SHORTS

Michaela Mabinty DePrince’s fight for inclusion and representation lives on < Back Disability, Gender, News Black ballerina with Vitiligo who shattered racial bias dies at 29 Michaela Mabinty DePrince’s fight for inclusion and representation lives on MMS Staff 14 Sept 2024 2-min read Internationally renowned Black ballerina, Michaela Mabinty DePrince, has passed away at the age of 29. Her life was one of incredible strength and resilience, from surviving a brutal civil war in Sierra Leone to becoming a leading voice for diversity in ballet. Born in 1995, Michaela lost both of her parents during Sierra Leone’s civil war. She was sent to an orphanage where she faced further rejection due to her vitiligo, a condition that caused patches of her skin to lose colour. The staff at the orphanage treated her cruelly, calling her “the devil’s child” and placing her last in line for food and clothes. At the age of four, Michaela was adopted by an American family, and her life changed. She had always dreamed of becoming a ballerina after seeing a picture of one in a magazine. With her adoptive parents’ support, she started pursuing that dream. But the path was far from easy. As a Black ballerina, Michaela faced racism and rejection in a predominantly white industry. She was once told that her skin colour didn’t belong in ballet. Despite these obstacles, Michaela broke through. She trained at prestigious ballet schools and danced with world-renowned companies like the Dutch National Ballet and the Boston Ballet. She became a trailblazer, one of the few Black dancers to reach such heights in the ballet world. Throughout her career, Michaela spoke openly about the lack of diversity in ballet and the challenges faced by Black dancers. And her advocacy went beyond ballet. She was committed to helping children affected by war, supporting organisations like War Child. Michaela also dreamed of opening a free arts school in Sierra Leone, hoping to give back to the country where her story began. Michaela DePrince’s passing is a huge loss, not just to ballet but to everyone inspired by her journey. Her life was a reminder of the barriers that still exist for marginalised people, and her legacy will continue to inspire those fighting for a more inclusive world. Much much relate? Share it now! WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link < Back SHORTS

The Mexican lawyer’s journey to success highlights the power of accommodations, access and community support < Back Disability, News, Education Ana Victoria Espino De Santiago: World’s first Down Syndrome lawyer The Mexican lawyer’s journey to success highlights the power of accommodations, access and community support MMS Staff 22 Aug 2024 1-min read Ana Victoria Espino De Santiago, a young woman from Zacatecas, Mexico, has recently become the world’s first lawyer with Down Syndrome. She recently graduated with a degree in Law from the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas (BUAZ). Born in 1999, Ana Victoria’s journey to this milestone is testament to what accommodations, accessibility and the right support systems can do for disabled people. From a very young age, Ana Victoria’s parents, Marisol and Jesús, instilled in her a deep love for education and the arts. They created a nurturing environment that allowed her to flourish and pursue her passions. This support system proved crucial as Ana Victoria navigated the challenges of an education system that was not equipped to meet her needs. Determined to avoid the discrimination she might face in a traditional classroom, Ana Victoria completed her high school education online. She then enrolled at the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas to study law. It was here that she encountered one of her greatest challenges: a legal education system unprepared for her specific needs. With the help of a dedicated shadow professor, known as a ‘maestra sombra,’ who provided personalised support, she went on with studies. But even before Ana Victoria completed her law degree, she was making her mark as an advocate for disability rights. She actively participated in legislative forums, sharing her story and advocating for the inclusion of people with disabilities. Her contributions to these discussions were a vital part of her growing understanding of the legal field. Ana Victoria, also an accomplished artist, has held several painting exhibitions since 2014, showcasing her talent at prestigious venues, including the lobby of the Congress of the Union in Mexico City. Her collection, titled “Desde mi cielo” (“From My Sky”), was met with acclaim. Ana Victoria says her goal is not just personal achievement but to pave the way for others with disabilities to occupy decision-making spaces in society. A fervent advocate for disability rights, she is using her platform to push for greater inclusion and disability representation in all sectors. Much much relate? Share it now! WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link < Back SHORTS

A series featuring people with different backgrounds discuss important topics through personal experiences and expert opinions. < Back Series Unheard Stories A series featuring people with different backgrounds discuss important topics through personal experiences and expert opinions. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5lSvoxPJjh8 To celebrate International Women's Day ‘23 we featured 11 incredible women who shared their honest and unfiltered experiences of ableism, gender bias, microaggressions, and exclusion. From autism and ADHD to disability and caregiving, these women give voice to the discrimination and challenges that women with disabilities encounter every day. Much much relate? Share it now! WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link < Back ORIGINALS

Enabling inclusion and employment for persons with disabilities < Back Breaking Barriers, Building Careers Enabling inclusion and employment for persons with disabilities 'Breaking Barriers, Building Careers' focuses on promoting employment opportunities for persons with developmental and intellectual disabilities. The cross-format campaign - developed by Much Much Spectrum and facilitated by Yash Charitable Trust and IP Integrated Services Pvt Ltd - highlights the importance of inclusion, skill development, and supported employment programs to ensure individuals with disabilities can live and work with dignity and self-respect to create an inclusive society where everyone has the opportunity to thrive. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t_NK3EK6Xao Data & insights: According to the 2011 Census, only 36% of the 26 million disabled individuals in India are employed. Gender disparity is significant, with 47% male and only 23% female participation. Misconceptions persist that individuals with disabilities are unemployable, despite strong evidence to the contrary. The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2021-2022 shows a higher unemployment rate for persons with disabilities compared to the general population, highlighting systemic barriers. Despite the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (RPwD) Act, 2016 mandating a 4% reservation in government jobs, implementation varies widely, with many positions unfilled due to administrative inefficiencies and lack of awareness. Workplace accommodations are often lacking, preventing optimal performance and inclusion for employees with disabilities. Societal attitudes and stereotypes result in discrimination during hiring processes, with biases against the capabilities of persons with disabilities. Limited access to quality education and vocational training restricts employability, as inclusive education and skills development programs are not widely available or adequately implemented. Effective support programs for job searching, application processes, and workplace adjustments are scarce, exacerbating employment challenges. Higher levels of poverty and economic insecurity among persons with disabilities limit access to resources needed for job searches and professional development. Our approach: We adopted a data-driven, social impact-led approach to highlight the journey of individuals with disabilities, from skills development to meaningful employment. By documenting their experiences and the support provided by YCT, we aimed to address common misconceptions and promote inclusive hiring practices. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R2m3Ogmpfcg Campaign objective & goals: To promote employment opportunities for persons with developmental and intellectual disabilities. To showcase the impact of meaningful employment on the lives of these people To encourage employers to hire individuals with disabilities and reach out to YCT for help, support and sensitization sessions. Challenges: Overcoming societal stereotypes and biases against employing individuals with disabilities. Ensuring widespread dissemination of the campaign message to reach target audiences. Solutions devised: Target audience: employers, HR professionals, recruitment agencies, and senior leaders. Narrative: chronicling the stories of individuals with disabilities at their workplaces, showcasing their skills and the support provided by YCT. Topicality: emphasizing the importance of inclusive hiring practices and the benefits of a diverse workforce. Deliverables: Films x 2: documenting the journey of individuals with disabilities Ancillary assets: 5 x social media posts 10 x stories Platforms: Multi-format, cross-platform campaign distributed on social media, websites, and partner channels, including LinkedIn, YouTube, Instagram, and company websites to maximize reach and engagement. Timelines: The campaign ran for over a month with consistent traction and engagement. Impact: Reactions from corporate leaders, employers, and caregivers. 10x increased awareness and inquiries about YCT’s programs. Positive feedback and support from the community. Learnings: Successfully promoted employment opportunities for individuals with disabilities and encouraged inclusive hiring practices. Increased awareness and positive perception of the capabilities of individuals with disabilities. Way forward: Continue promoting inclusive hiring practices through ongoing content creation and partnerships. Expand the campaign to include more sectors and geographical regions. Develop additional support programs for employers and individuals with disabilities to facilitate successful employment. Monitor and analyze the long-term impact of the campaign to refine strategies and approaches. WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link Much much relate? Share it now! < Back CAMPAIGNS

Dealing with mental health struggles, well-meaning ableism, finding community & self-acceptance < Back Neurodiversity, Gender, Health Life with Tourette Syndrome as an Indian woman - Manisha’s story Dealing with mental health struggles, well-meaning ableism, finding community & self-acceptance Manisha Manoharan 7 Jun 2024 9-min read Trigger warning: This blog post contains sensitive content related to suicide and mental health challenges. The content may be distressing or triggering for individuals who have experienced similar struggles or who are currently facing mental health issues. If you are experiencing thoughts of self-harm or suicide, or if you are in crisis, please seek immediate help from a mental health professional, counsellor, or emergency services in your area. You are not alone, and support is available. As much as I am a movie buff, it makes me very anxious every time I want to watch a movie in a theatre. Because, as the film progresses, so do my tics. And the concerned stranger in the neighbouring seat always makes it a point to check in on me to see if I am choking myself to death. As always, I explain to them that I am not dying. And that I have Tourette Syndrome which causes my body to twitch and have ‘tics’. Then my neighbour goes on to tell me about how they had never heard of something like that and ask me why I wouldn’t just “control” my tics because it was distracting to them. Trust me. If I could, I would. But I can’t. So, I won’t. You know why? Because Tourette Syndrome can be very painful and debilitating. The more I try to control or suppress my tics, the worse they get. Would you rather want me to constantly feel pain in my body so you can relax? Imagine getting bitten by a thousand fire ants all at once and fighting the urge to scratch the bites. That’s exactly what it feels like when trying to suppress a tic. I could still try to suppress them but that would make me more anxious and stressed, intensifying my tics which eventually wears me out. And tiredness just amplifies the cycle! And it hurts physically, emotionally, and mentally. Tourette’s hurts So, this Tourette’s Awareness Day, observed annually on 7th June, I want to talk about my journey with Tourette’s and how wide-spread awareness of this debilitating condition can go a long way in supporting people like me. What is Tourette Syndrome? It is a neurological condition characterised by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalisations called tics which commonly start during their childhood, around the ages of 6-8 years. There are different types of tics: vocal tics such as grunting, coughing, sniffing, sighing; simple motor tics like rapid eye blinking, winking; and complex motor tics such as head jerking, neck twisting, shoulder shrugging, and abdominal wall jerking. And no. It is not contagious. You will not “catch tics” from me if you are seated beside me or involved in any relationship with me. Some people have tics where they uncontrollably swear, and this condition is known as coprolalia. Unfortunately, whenever Tourette’s was represented in mainstream media, most often, the focus has been on coprolalia even though research states that only 1 in 10 people with Tourette’s have this condition. This has also contributed to creating a negative bias on people with Tourette’s which in turn affects their personal and professional lives. The cause of Tourette’s is yet to be determined. However, there is plenty of research that suggests that the occurrence of Tourette’s is linked to genetics and pregnancy-related complications. My family believes in the myth that it is past-life karma and/or a generational curse. To each their own. And I? I honestly couldn’t care less why I have Tourette’s. All that matters to me is what I do with this lived experience. I had my onset of tics when I was about 6 years old, thanks to a neighbourhood boy who believed I was infatuated with him because I kept winking at him uncontrollably and I had no awareness of that! My ophthalmologist wrongly attributed my strange behaviour to excessive television-time which then led to my parents taking away the one element of joy in all our lives — the television. But that did not discourage me as I continued to wink uncontrollably at a space that once held the magic box that taught me about the world outside. It was only in early 2021 that I understood and acknowledged that what I had was not merely a bunch of odd-looking physical movements. What I had had a name — Tourette syndrome. Growing up in a country like India where if you do not conform to the conventional standards of normalcy, beautiful or healthy, especially if you are a girl, you are considered an abomination. A burden to the family that chose to bring you into this world. Although my parents are postgraduates in science and medicine, Tourette’s has always been something of an extraterrestrial phenomenon for them to comprehend. They have always loved me the most and do their best to protect me from the prying eyes of society, in hopes that there will be a cure to this someday. Here’s the thing – Tourette’s has no cure. So, I had to do what I did best – masking my tics and letting loose when I was on my own, with arms and legs flailing around like an inflatable tube man, because the people around me found my tics “awkward”. That made things worse. It destroyed my mental health, made me constantly feel like an imposter, and left me feeling that the real me wasn’t worthy of love and acceptance. The worst of all the evils was that I had no understanding of Tourette’s myself to make sense of why I was the way I was. I believed something was wrong with me and needed to be corrected and gave into the weight of people’s unsolicited advice and remarks that buried me alive. “Have willpower and you can control it!” “Don’t let your tics get the better of you. You MUST control it!” “There is nothing called tics. It is just all in your head!” “You don’t need therapy. You need an exorcism!” “You are ugly and demented. No wonder you are seeking attention with your tics!” “You need to be more religious. God is punishing you for not performing your rituals.” “Lose weight and your tics will vanish!” “No one will want you or love you if you have tics.” From self-proclaimed life coaches to neurologists, I went around trying to find answers but everywhere I went, I hit a dead end. When my mental health plummeted in 2014, I was recommended to see a psychiatrist who put me on a cocktail of drugs, possibly to numb my brain. Did it help? I don’t think it did because all I could remember was feeling extremely drowsy with my emotions caught in the crossfire of suppressed neuronal activity. On a fateful day, after a nervous breakdown, I wilfully overdosed myself on the pills. Developed a second-degree heart block, with tubes down my nose pumping activated charcoal. I was hospitalised for a week, being chastised by every other person who assumed to have a right to tell me about how ungrateful and foolish I was in trying to take my life. The tubes down my nose flushed out the toxins along with the last ounce of hope that was hanging by a thread. Somehow it seemed to have missed everyone’s spectrum of thoughts and judgements that I wasn’t giving up on life because I felt hopeless. Rather, I was crying out in pain loudly, for the world to hear. It was a cry for help. For someone to show me even the tiniest ray of light in a world where darkness seemed to drown me. In hindsight, I realised that the only person who could save me then and make me the woman that I am today was myself. But I did not do that alone. I was blessed with an inner circle that accepted me for who I was, loved me, pushed me to be better, and comforted me when the world seemed to be against my existence. It was the faith they had in me that gave me the courage to make the bravest move of my life – moving to the UK. Why is Tourette Syndrome Awareness important? Despite the unbearable cold, the lack of sunshine for most months, and the constant struggle to sustain myself financially, I have found my freedom and the strength to be myself in the UK. I tic wherever I want, whenever I need to. It isn’t my tics or my bodily appearance that people here base their perception of me on. For the first time in my existence, I felt like I could breathe freely. I didn’t have to mask or drain myself at the quest of being someone else. I could be my authentic self. That got me wondering, why the UK was able to give me what I could never receive from my own family and people. It is because of the higher levels of awareness and efforts at breaking the myths and stigma around Tourette’s in the UK that helped more people to accept and embrace people like me. In the words of the American actor, Dylan McDermott, “Once you understand that someone has Tourette’s and they can’t help their tics, it takes away the distraction. And you can engage your compassion. You feel for them. You embrace them.” Let me give you another example. Lewis Capaldi in an interview talked about his Tourette’s, just a few weeks before his concert in Frankfurt in 2023. At the concert, he started experiencing severe tics and stopped mid-song. Do you know what the audience did? No, they did not boo him off the stage. Instead, the entire audience made a powerful gesture to assist him by singing the rest of the song for him till he could feel better. That is what happens when there is awareness created around this debilitating condition. I agree not everyone with Tourette’s is a celebrity with a massive fan following. But ensuring that their environment and the people in it are aware of their condition can significantly enhance the life experience of people with Tourette’s. This also facilitates inclusion and dispels the myths and stigma associated with the condition because 75% of people with Tourette’s say they feel compelled to hide or mask their tics out of the fear of stigma and discrimination. It’s not just tics. Tourette’s has a number of co-occurring conditions or comorbidities that include attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive compulsive disorder or behaviours (OCD/B), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), whereas some of the common coexistent problems include anxiety, depression, substance abuse, eating disorders, difficulty sleeping, sensory processing difficulties, and executive dysfunction. And research states that people with Tourette Syndrome and/or Chronic Tic Disorder show an increased risk of suicidal deaths and attempts. Despite these challenges that Tourette’s brings, people who live with it are just as amazing as you and me. In all shapes, sizes, moods, and all of their tics. All they need is someone who has the decency to be humane and empathetic to understand them; to accept them for who they are. Not everyone has the luxury of having an inner circle to rely on or move to a different country to seek freedom like I did. Not everyone dares to speak up in a society that doesn’t accept you if you are different. And not everyone receives a second chance after trying to take their own life. And, that is why more people need to know about this debilitating condition so they can open their minds and hearts to accept their own for who they are. Our country shouldn’t be a threat for people like me to live in. It needs to be the nurturing motherland that we pine for. We owe it to them all – every single soul battling a disability, visible or invisible. Tourette’s or not, if we cannot engage with each other with empathy, we have failed as a race of so-called advanced beings. Manisha Manoharan (she/her) is an Indian woman living in the UK. She identifies as a Neurofabulous Touretter (have Tourette's, ADHD, anxiety and chronic depression, and potentially on the ASD spectrum) You can follow Manisha here . Much much relate? Share it now! WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link < Back SHORTS

Recent study reveals how AI ranks resumes with disability-related credentials lower < Back Work, Disability Disabled job seekers disadvantaged by AI bias in hiring Recent study reveals how AI ranks resumes with disability-related credentials lower MMS Staff 23 Jun 2024 5-min read The use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT in resume screening is becoming increasingly common among recruiters. And a recent study by researchers at the University of Washington has uncovered a significant issue: AI tools can be biassed against resumes that imply a disability. This finding has profound implications for disability inclusion and rights, as it highlights how technological advancements can inadvertently reinforce existing prejudices. The study and its findings This research, presented at the 2024 ACM FAccT (Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency) investigated how ChatGPT ranked resumes with disability-related credentials. Led by Kate Glazko, a doctoral student at the UW's Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, the study found that resumes with disability-related accolades — such as the "Tom Wilson Disability Leadership Award" — were consistently ranked lower than identical resumes without these credentials. Worse - when the AI was asked to explain its rankings, it revealed biassed perceptions of disabled individuals. For example, a resume with an autism leadership award was said to have "less emphasis on leadership roles," pushing the stereotype that autistic individuals are not capable leaders. Attempting to mitigate bias The researchers attempted to mitigate this bias by customising the AI with instructions to avoid ableism. While this approach reduced bias for five of the six disabilities tested (deafness, blindness, cerebral palsy, autism, and the general term "disability"), only three disabilities saw an improvement in rankings compared to resumes without any mention of disability. "Ranking resumes with AI is starting to proliferate, yet there's not much research behind whether it's safe and effective," said Glazko, the study's lead author. "For a disabled job seeker, there's always this question when you submit a resume of whether you should include disability credentials. I think disabled people consider that even when humans are the reviewers." Fair point. "In a fair world, the enhanced resume should be ranked first every time," said senior author Jennifer Mankoff, a UW professor in the Allen School. "I can't think of a job where somebody who's been recognized for their leadership skills, for example, shouldn't be ranked ahead of someone with the same background who hasn't." When researchers asked GPT-4 to explain the rankings, its responses exhibited explicit and implicit ableism. For instance, it noted that a candidate with depression had "additional focus on DEI and personal challenges," which "detract from the core technical and research-oriented aspects of the role." "Some of GPT's descriptions would colour a person's entire resume based on their disability and claimed that involvement with DEI or disability is potentially taking away from other parts of the resume," Glazko said. "For instance, it hallucinated the concept of 'challenges' into the depression resume comparison, even though 'challenges' weren't mentioned at all. So you could see some stereotypes emerge." Implications for disability inclusion and rights These findings are troubling for several reasons. First, they reveal that AI tools can reinforce biases, undermining efforts to promote disability inclusion and rights. If AI tools are used to screen resumes, disabled candidates may be unfairly disadvantaged, even if they possess the necessary qualifications and leadership skills. Second, the study underscores the broader issue of how technological advancements can replicate and amplify real-world biases. AI systems learn from existing data, which often contain historical biases and ableist notions. Without careful oversight and correction, these systems can push, and even worsen existing, discriminatory practices. Challenges disabled people face in finding meaningful employment Disabled individuals face numerous barriers when seeking employment, including: Biassed hiring practices, discrimination, and being faced with stereotypes about disabilities. Many workplaces are not fully accessible, creating physical and technological barriers for disabled employees. There are often fewer job opportunities made available for disabled individuals, particularly in competitive fields. Employers may be unwilling or unable to provide necessary accommodations, such as flexible working hours or assistive technologies. Negative attitudes and misconceptions about disabilities can affect workplace interactions and professional development opportunities. Tips for employers to promote fair and inclusive hiring To ensure fairness and inclusivity in hiring and promoting, employers can take the following steps: Provide bias training for hiring managers and staff to recognize and counteract biases. Write inclusive job descriptions that emphasise essential skills and competencies rather than unnecessary physical requirements. Ensure that job application processes are accessible to all candidates, including those with disabilities. Offer reasonable accommodations during the hiring process and in the workplace. Use diverse hiring panels to reduce individual biases and ensure a variety of perspectives in the hiring process. Clearly define and communicate the criteria for hiring and promotion, focusing on skills, experience, and potential rather than assumptions about disability. Provide ongoing support and development opportunities for disabled employees to thrive in their roles. Implement feedback mechanisms to allow disabled employees to voice concerns and suggest improvements. The nullification of disability inclusion and rights The use of biassed AI in resume screening effectively nullifies inclusion efforts towards communities that have historically been marginalised and their identities stigmatised. Disabled individuals already face numerous barriers in the job market, and AI tools that perpetuate age-old bias just adds another layer of discrimination. Something we don’t need at all. This issue is particularly concerning given the increasing reliance on AI in hiring processes. A fair scenario would include resumes that highlight leadership skills and achievements — whether related to disability or not — be ranked based on the candidate's qualifications and potential. The fact that AI tools can diminish the value of disability-related credentials is a reminder that technological solutions must be developed and implemented with a strong emphasis on fairness and inclusivity. Ensuring fairness in AI To address these issues, it is crucial for developers, researchers, and companies to prioritise fairness in AI development. This includes: Conducting regular audits of AI systems to identify and correct biases. Ensuring that training data includes diverse representations of disabled individuals and their achievements. Providing clear guidelines to AI systems on avoiding ableism and other forms of discrimination. Incorporating human oversight in the resume screening process to catch and address biases that AI may miss. By taking these steps, we can work towards a future where AI tools contribute to, rather than hinder, disability inclusion and rights. Ensuring that technological advancements promote fairness and equality is essential for building a more inclusive society. More information: Kate Glazko et al, Identifying and Improving Disability Bias in GPT-Based Resume Screening, The 2024 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (2024). DOI: 10.1145/3630106.3658933 This article was originally published on Techxplore.com Much much relate? Share it now! WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link < Back SHORTS

Here's your list of heartwarming tales of inclusion for the holidays < Back Disability, Media, Neurodiversity Holiday movies & shows with disability portrayal you must watch Here's your list of heartwarming tales of inclusion for the holidays MMS Staff 26 Dec 2024 3-min read The holiday season is a time for joy, reflection, and gathering around stories that warm the heart. For many in the disability community, representation in these stories can be especially meaningful. This list highlights films and shows that affirm disability as part of the human experience, celebrating inclusion and offering nuanced portrayals that enrich the festive season. Christmas Ever After (2020) This romantic comedy stars Ali Stroker, a Tony-winning actor who uses a wheelchair, as Izzi Simmons, a romance novelist spending the holidays in a small-town inn. Izzi’s disability is not a plot point to overcome but an integral and affirming aspect of her character. The film’s joyful tone and authentic representation challenge stereotypes, offering a love story that centers a disabled woman’s agency and vibrancy. The Family Stone (2005) Thad Stone, a deaf and gay character, is portrayed as a vital and cherished member of his family in this ensemble holiday film. His relationship with his partner, Patrick, is depicted with warmth and normalcy, emphasizing the richness of intersectional identities. The inclusion of sign language and the film’s focus on family acceptance make it a thoughtful and affirming holiday story. Wonder (2017) Wonder shares the journey of Auggie Pullman, a boy with a craniofacial condition, as he navigates a new school environment. The film affirms Auggie’s worth and humanity by centering his resilience, while also showcasing the importance of community and kindness. Its celebration of difference and its message of empathy make it an inspiring watch for the holiday season. Snow Cake (2006) Set in a snowy Canadian town, Snow Cake features Sigourney Weaver as Linda, an autistic woman whose life intersects with that of a grieving stranger. Linda’s autism is portrayed as a fundamental part of her identity, highlighting her independence and unique perspective. The film’s winter setting and themes of connection and healing resonate deeply during the holidays, offering a compassionate and nuanced portrayal of disability. Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (1964) This animated classic serves as an allegory for disability and societal exclusion. Rudolph’s red nose, initially viewed as a flaw, becomes his strength, mirroring the experiences of many disabled individuals. The Island of Misfit Toys reflects a world where difference is isolated, yet ultimately celebrated. The story’s affirmation of individuality and its heartwarming resolution remain timeless. Miracle on 34th Street (1947) & (1994) These beloved films explore themes of belief, acceptance, and understanding, resonating with disabled audiences through their broader message of valuing individuality. While not explicitly about disability, the characters’ journeys challenge societal norms, advocating for inclusion and empathy. It’s a Wonderful Life (1946) This iconic holiday film subtly addresses disability through Harry Bailey, who loses his hearing as a child. More broadly, the story’s message — that every life has value and impact — aligns with disability affirming principles. By celebrating interconnectedness and community, the film underscores the importance of recognizing everyone’s contributions. Last Christmas (2020) This romantic drama centers on Kate, a young woman living with a chronic heart condition. The film portrays her illness as part of her reality rather than a source of pity, emphasizing her journey toward self-acceptance and connection. By integrating humor, romance, and personal growth, Last Christmas offers an empowering narrative of resilience. Carol of the Bells (2019) This poignant drama focuses on a man reconnecting with his birth mother, who has Down syndrome. Featuring actors with disabilities, the film affirms the inherent value and dignity of all its characters. Its authentic performances and themes of forgiveness and family make it a powerful and affirming holiday story. Klaus (2019) This animated gem includes a Deaf character who communicates through sign language, woven naturally into the story’s tapestry. The film’s themes of kindness, transformation, and community resonate deeply, offering an inclusive and visually stunning holiday experience. This Is Us (2016 – 2022) This critically acclaimed series features Jack Damon, a blind musician, as a central character. Through its holiday episodes, the show explores family, accessibility, and resilience, presenting disability as a natural part of life. Jack’s journey affirms the richness of diverse lived experiences, making This Is Us an emotionally resonant choice for the season. Much much relate? Share it now! WhatsApp Facebook X (Twitter) LinkedIn Copy link < Back SHORTS